Гидравлический привод – устройство для передачи механической энергии с помощью жидкости (often special oil). The principle of operation of the hydraulic actuator is based on Pascal's law, which states, that if liquid (or gas) the external pressure is in a closed container,, this pressure within the vessel all the same and equal to the external pressure. Such actuators are used in mining, metallurgy, in machine tools, agricultural and road construction machines.
Hydraulic drive
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sources of energy in hydraulic systems are various kinds of pumps. The problem of these pumps is supplying working fluid under a certain pressure. Main characteristics of the pump and its performance is the pressure at a predetermined rotation speed element.
The disadvantages of hydraulic systems are:
- power loss during lowering of liquid level in the installation,
- the relatively high cost of these installations.
The advantages of such a system are:
- small size and weight,
- compact design,
- durability and reliability.
Other types of drives
Electric drive
This drive, wherein the motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Disadvantages of such drives:
- noisy work,
- in some cases very large consumption of electric current.
Benefits:
- simple design,
- relatively low cost,
- easy maintenance.
pneumatic actuator
The principle of operation of the drive a bit like a hydraulic drive. It is to transfer mechanical energy by means of compressed air pressure.
disadvantages:
- bound presence special pneumatic system,
- the need for a compressor.
Benefits:
- reliability,
- quiet operation,
- longer lifetime compared to other drives,
- smooth stepless adjustment of speed and change the direction of motion.
Driving the internal combustion
Drive unit, having an engine which runs on gasoline or diesel fuel. This type of actuators used in automobiles, tractors, mowers and many other devices.
Benefits:
- for fuel must only,
- relatively low price.
disadvantages:
- noisy work,
- great weight.